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The Politics of Participation: An In-depth Evaluation of Citizen Community Boards in Pakistan
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Social cohesion for community development: supporting institutions and changing expectations; Ball, Laura
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The paper focuses on perceptions of citizens and their interactions with civil society actors and local community in more general terms. Civil society strengthening has been a basic premises of post-war development work in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research goes beyond civil society studies to explore the essential components of local community development in B&H. The research claims that civil society actors have been emphasized to the detriment of full utilization. Individual leaders had essential roles in promoting citizen participation in community activities and in developing relationships with other actors.
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Civil society as partner in local development: a Bulgarian experience;
Dainov, Evgenii
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The author presents the development of the civil society in Bulgaria after the policital change with a view to offer recommendations for the future in order to strengthen democracy and the partnership between civil society and government, particularly at the local level. First, the author addresses in an abstract way the question why it is of key importance to develop civil society. This part is followed by the overview of the rise of civil society in Bulgaria in the 90ies. The paper sets out the structure of the NGO community in Bulgaria including human rights NGOs, representation and advocacy NGOs, policy institutes and think-tanks, NGOs with regional and international focus and single issue NGOs. Then the author examines the evolution of partnership between NGOs and government at the municipal level looking also at potential challenges and risks. Finally, he gives recommendations to underpin democracy at the local level.
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Public administration and non-governmental organisations - opportunities for cooperation; Miezaine, Zinta
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Policy toward public participation is in its development stage in Latvia. There is reason to be concerned that policy is being made without consideration of all legitimate interests. The result is that many policy decisions do not enjoy the support of the parts of society which they affect. Their trust in government has declined, and as a result, some refuse to participate in the implementation of government decisions. If nothing is done to secure a balance of influence in policymaking, the scales could systematically tip in favor of the better-organized interest groups. The legal basis and policy documents that deal with participation indicate that Latvia's policymakers are well aware of the need for involvement of the public and non-governmental organizations. Legal provisions urge ministry officials to consider different views on a subject. However, a few amendments to Cabinet regulations and instructions would clarify the duties of public officials and reduce the number of cases where there are no consultations during the drafting of policy.
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“Public Participation in local government: A survey of local authorities”;
Demelza Birch, Local and Regional Government Research Unit, ODPM
Office of the Deputy Prime Minister: London; December 2002
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This survey report presents findings on the range and extent of public participation initiatives being used across local government. It updates baseline research published in 1998 and shows that local government continues to push forward the agenda on public participation. Authorities clearly recognise the
benefits of engaging the public and are increasingly trying to involve people in local decisions and developing service delivery.
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